These get compared but they're different categories. ICF (insulated concrete forms) is a construction method - foam forms filled with poured concrete, chosen when you build. Spray foam is applied insulation you add to existing or new framing. For most homeowners the choice is decided by one question: are you building, or improving what's there?
ICF, briefly
ICF builds the wall and its insulation together at construction - strong, quiet, energy-efficient, but a structural decision made at build time. You don't 'add ICF' to a finished house.
Spray foam, briefly
Foam insulates framing - new or existing. It's the option for retrofits, additions, and finishing basements, and it's used in new builds too where framed walls are the method.
Which for you
- Building new and choosing the wall system? ICF is a contender.
- Improving an existing home, basement or addition? Spray foam - ICF isn't retrofittable.
See closed-cell and basement insulation. Get a quote.